Skip to main content

News / Recognizing and Responding to Domestic Violence: A Guide for Support 

Recognizing and Responding to Domestic Violence: A Guide for Support 

Published Oct 8, 2024

Sarah Ehrhard Reid, MSW

Domestic violence (DV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) can manifest in various forms, and it’s essential to recognize that each situation is unique. Violence may be emotional, physical, psychological, financial, sexual or a combination of these, representing a significant power imbalance in a relationship. Instead of looking for specific behaviors, it’s crucial to observe signs and patterns that indicate a lack of autonomy or controlling behavior from a partner. 

Key Signs to Look For 

Patients may display a range of indicators that could suggest they are experiencing DV or IPV. These signs include the following. 

  • Fearfulness around their partner 
  • A history of injuries or multiple sexually transmitted infections 
  • Missed medical appointments or delayed entry into care 
  • Past abuse or assault 
  • Symptoms of depression or anxiety 

It’s important to remember that experiencing one or more of these symptoms doesn’t automatically mean someone is in a violent relationship. Establishing rapport and building trust are vital for encouraging open dialogue. 

Screening and Support for Patients 

Health care providers should screen for DV/IPV during the first prenatal appointment, once per trimester, and at postpartum visits. Screening should occur in a private setting, ensuring the patient is alone. If a patient screens positive for DV/IPV, it’s crucial to refer them to local domestic violence programs or the national hotline. 

The Office on Women’s Health at the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) is developing an online course with valuable information about DV/IPV and effective screening tools. In the meantime, remember the acronym AVDR to support individuals in need. 

  • Ask about their experiences 
  • Validate their feelings 
  • Document any injuries or complaints 
  • Refer them to services 

The Impact of Pregnancy and Postpartum on DV/IPV 

It’s unfortunate but true: violence often increases during pregnancy and the postpartum period. High-stress levels, intense emotions and financial insecurity can heighten the risk of violence, making these periods particularly vulnerable for many individuals. 

Available Resources 

A variety of resources are available for those experiencing DV and IPV. Advocacy organizations across the state assist survivors in identifying their goals and accessing the necessary resources to achieve them. You can find local programs at MO-CADSV or contact the national domestic violence hotline by calling or texting. 

  • Phone: 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) 
  • Text: START to 88788 

These resources range from a listening ear to shelter and safety planning, all offered free and confidentially. Individuals can reach out, knowing their information is secure. 

Supporting Loved Ones 

It can be challenging to see someone you care about in an unsafe relationship. It’s vital to remind them that violence is unacceptable, they deserve to feel safe and the abuse is not their fault. Your ongoing support can make a significant difference. 

Many may feel frustrated when friends or family don’t take actions that seem straightforward, such as leaving the relationship. However, it’s important to recognize that relationships are complex, and every individual’s journey is unique. Start by learning about local resources and remain a source of emotional support. By following their lead, you can help restore their sense of control, which is an essential part of the healing process. 

About the Author 

Sarah Ehrhard Reid has more than 15 years of experience in preventing and responding to domestic and sexual violence. She began her journey as a volunteer providing child care for survivors attending support groups. Her career has included answering hotline calls, assisting in court and hospital settings, supporting individuals in shelters, implementing grant projects, and focusing on violence prevention. Now, as the chief in the Office on Women’s Health at the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Sarah is dedicated to implementing statewide solutions to combat and prevent violence.  

“It’s been a privilege to support individuals during their most vulnerable moments and work toward a safer future for all.” 

Back

Topics